Civil servants circumvent the sick leave reform

The expected savings from reducing sick leave compensation in the public sector are not materializing as hoped. Public sector employees are adopting strategies to retain their full salary despite the reform. Announced in October 2024, this measure aimed to curb costly absenteeism for the state.

In autumn 2024, budget debates stirred tensions among civil servants. Public Service Minister Guillaume Kasbarian announced in Le Figaro a plan to combat absenteeism in the public sector. The plan proposed extending waiting days from 1 to 3 and reducing sick leave reimbursement from 100% to 90%, aligning the public sector with the private one.

The executive justified these measures by the high cost of absenteeism, estimated at 15 billion euros for the state in 2022 according to the General Inspectorate of Finances (IGF). Unions reacted strongly, calling the reform stigmatizing for employees.

However, the savings achieved since implementing these changes fall short of expectations. Civil servants are employing strategies to receive their full salary, thereby circumventing the restrictions. The fall of the Barnier government has also affected the application of these reforms, limiting their impact.

This situation highlights the challenges of budgetary reform in the public sector, where savings goals encounter practical and organizational resistances.

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Photo illustrating the uncertain adoption of the 2026 budget in the French National Assembly, showing lawmakers in tense debates over a patchwork finance bill.
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Adoption of 2026 budget in National Assembly increasingly uncertain

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After several days of intense debates in the National Assembly, the 2026 finance bill increasingly resembles a 'Frankenstein' budget, a patchwork of contradictory amendments complicating its final adoption. The executive, avoiding Article 49.3, faces strong opposition on measures like the surtax on multinationals and limits on sick leave. Lawmakers from all sides have adopted or suppressed key provisions, raising the risk of overall rejection.

The issue of controlling public sector workforce resurfaces during the 2026 budget review. The Senate revived the principle of not replacing one in two retiring civil servants, a measure started under Nicolas Sarkozy. This longstanding debate on the number of civil servants in France spans political eras.

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The Ministry of Public Service will present on Tuesday, January 27, its initial reform tracks on paid special leave authorizations for public agents, related to parenthood and family events. This move responds to a Council of State injunction from December 10, 2025, requiring a decree within six months under the 2019 public service transformation law. Unions are already denouncing a potential reduction in rights regarding child care.

The French government has formalized the suspension of the pension reform until January 2028 through a rectificative letter to the social security budget, presented on October 23, 2025. This measure, costing 100 million euros in 2026 and 1.4 billion in 2027, will be funded by under-indexing pensions and increasing contributions from health insurers. Unions and opposition parties denounce an unfair burden on current retirees.

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Deputies adopted the 'revenues' part of the 2026 social security budget on Saturday, November 8, by 176 votes to 161 with 58 abstentions. This narrow vote allows debates to continue on the 'expenditures' part, which includes suspending the 2023 pension reform. Discussions will run until Wednesday, interrupted by the Armistice on November 11.

Debates on the 2026 finance bill at the National Assembly drag on without addressing high patrimony taxation, as the pension reform suspension begins scrutiny in committee. Socialists, led by Olivier Faure, threaten a censure motion if no fiscal justice concessions are made. The right firmly opposes the pension suspension, vowing to restore it.

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The Spanish government and unions UGT and CSIF have reached an agreement to raise salaries for 3.5 million public employees by 11% from 2025 to 2028. This increase, including a variable component tied to inflation, aims to recover lost purchasing power. CCOO has not yet signed but is expected to decide soon.

 

 

 

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