Serangan minyak Iran hasilkan polusi setara letusan gunung berapi

Serangan udara Israel terhadap fasilitas minyak di Teheran pada 7 Maret melepaskan hampir 30.000 ton sulfur dioksida, yang setara dengan emisi dari letusan gunung berapi kecil. Awan polusi tersebut menyebar hingga seluas 300.000 kilometer persegi, mencapai beberapa negara di Asia.

Serangan tersebut menghantam sejumlah depot minyak dan sebuah kilang, memicu kebakaran yang berlangsung selama berhari-hari. Hujan hitam turun di ibu kota, dan penduduk mengalami iritasi mata dan kulit serta kesulitan bernapas. Data satelit menunjukkan awan sulfur dioksida bergerak di atas Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, dan China.

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Dramatic photo illustration of blocked Strait of Hormuz oil tankers, Iran-launched missiles striking Israel, and surging oil prices amid war escalation.
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Iran-Israel war escalates with Strait of Hormuz closure

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The ongoing war between Iran and Israel has intensified, with missile exchanges and the continued closure of the Strait of Hormuz disrupting global oil supplies. Oil prices have surged above $100 per barrel, fueling market declines and inflation fears worldwide. Governments are responding with measures to stabilize energy markets amid concerns over prolonged conflict.

Following strikes on military targets and shipping disruptions earlier in March, the Israel-Iran war intensified as both sides hit oil and gas production and export facilities. The attacks raise alarms for global energy markets, prompting the International Energy Agency to urge conservation amid fears of severe price shocks.

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Iran targeted energy infrastructure in Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and the UAE on March 19, 2026, in retaliation for an Israeli strike on its South Pars gas field shared with Qatar. Brent crude prices soared past $115 per barrel, with European gas prices rising over 30%, amid disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz. Leaders including US President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu traded statements on coordination and future actions.

One week after Israel's strike on Iran's South Pars gas field sparked retaliatory attacks on Gulf energy facilities, U.S. President Donald Trump issued a 48-hour ultimatum to reopen the Strait of Hormuz, while Iran rejected a cease-fire offer on March 25. The escalating conflict is crippling water security, with strikes damaging desalination plants vital to Qatar, Bahrain, and Kuwait.

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What began as escalating tensions in the Strait of Hormuz in mid-March 2026 has evolved into a full-scale war between the United States, Israel, and Iran, with the strait blockaded since early March. This vital chokepoint for 20% of global oil and natural gas shipments has ignited the most severe energy crisis in modern history, causing critical fuel shortages in 25 countries.

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