US-China digital money split deepens as stablecoin Clarity Act stalls

US crypto advocates cite competition with China's interest-bearing e-CNY to push for stablecoin yield clarity, but banks' opposition stalls the Clarity Act. Experts say the two largest economies are pursuing very different digital money strategies.

US crypto advocates have increasingly pointed to competition with China’s new interest-bearing e-CNY to demand legislative clarity on stablecoin yields, but this clashes with banks, slowing US legislation including the Clarity Act. China is charting a completely different course for the future of digital money, experts said. “The world’s two largest economies are not so much competing in digital assets as they are pursuing very different strategies,” said Andrew Fei, a partner at law firm King & Wood Mallesons in Hong Kong. Winston Ma, adjunct professor and executive director of the Global Public Investment Funds Forum at the New York University School of Law, described the US-China competition in digital assets as intense but “asymmetrical”. “At this stage, Beijing is deliberately choosing a different digital-money model from Washington: China is putting the sovereign e-CNY at the centre of its architecture, while the US is effectively letting privately issued dollar stablecoins lead the way,” Ma said. Banks argue that stablecoin yields would attract deposits away and reduce their ability to lend to the real economy, while crypto firms say that allowing rewards on holding stablecoins would promote digital asset innovation.

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Dramatic illustration depicting stalled CLARITY Act talks in the White House, with President Trump, bank executives rejecting a stablecoin deal, and Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong amid negotiation impasse.
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CLARITY Act negotiations stall as banks reject White House stablecoin compromise

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The US CLARITY Act has hit an impasse after major banks rejected a White House compromise limiting stablecoin yield rewards to peer-to-peer payments. This follows President Trump's recent criticism of banks and builds on stalled talks over incentives that crypto firms say are vital for innovation. Trump met with Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong amid the deadlock.

The Senate Banking Committee plans to mark up the CLARITY Act next week, but Democratic demands for conflict-of-interest rules and banking opposition to stablecoin rewards threaten to derail the effort. Negotiators reached a compromise on stablecoin yields earlier this month, yet banks argue the language still permits evasion. A long-delayed vote on the bill, which aims to clarify digital asset oversight between the SEC and CFTC, now hangs in the balance.

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In the latest on the stalled Digital Asset Market Clarity Act, former CFTC Chair Christopher Giancarlo argues banks require regulatory clarity more urgently than crypto companies for digital payments. The bill remains deadlocked over stablecoin rewards after missing a March 1 White House deadline, amid banks' fears of capital flight.

Lawmakers are accelerating efforts to advance the Digital Asset Market Clarity Act through the Senate, with a key committee markup scheduled for the week of May 11. White House and congressional officials are pushing for passage by July 4 amid ongoing negotiations over stablecoin rules and ethics provisions.

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The US Senate Banking Committee voted 15 to 9 on May 14 to advance the Digital Asset Market Clarity Act. The bill now heads to the full Senate floor for further consideration.

Crypto sentiment platform Santiment has highlighted growing euphoria around Bitcoin linked to momentum behind the US CLARITY Act.

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China has added 12 banks to its digital yuan (e-CNY) system, more than doubling the number of institutions using it in day-to-day operations. The expansion deepens the currency's role in the financial system after Beijing pledged to “steadily develop the digital yuan” in its latest five-year plan.

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