미국과 중국이 서로 상충하는 제재와 규제를 통해 글로벌 기업들을 복잡한 준법 요구 사항의 덫에 빠뜨리는 법적 군비 경쟁을 강화하고 있다. 이러한 상황은 도널드 트럼프 미국 대통령의 중국 방문과 미국-이란 전쟁으로 인한 지속적인 혼란 속에서 전개되고 있다.
워싱턴과 베이징은 최근 몇 달간 서로 대립하는 법적·규제적 체계를 잇달아 도입했다. 이러한 조치들은 무역, 기술, 안보 분쟁에서 전략적 우위를 확보하기 위한 것이다. 한국부터 네덜란드에 이르는 글로벌 기업들은 현재 불가능한 상황에 직면해 있다. 분석가들은 기업들이 한쪽의 규정을 준수하면 다른 쪽의 규정을 위반하게 되는 상황에 놓였다고 지적했다. 미 당국은 최근 이란과의 무역 연루를 이유로 여러 중국 기업에 제재를 부과했다. 여기에는 베이징이 지난주 보호하려 했던 5개의 정유사가 포함되었다. 이러한 조치들은 에너지 공급 차질로 이미 압박을 받고 있는 양국 관계에 더 큰 부담을 가중시키고 있다.
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The U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) has initiated Section 301 investigations into South Korea and 59 other economies for failing to adequately ban imports of goods produced with forced labor. This move comes as the Donald Trump administration seeks to introduce new tariffs to replace country-specific emergency tariffs struck down by the Supreme Court last month. South Korea's government plans to engage in close consultations with the U.S. to safeguard national interests.
China's Ministry of Commerce announced two trade barrier investigations into US practices on Friday, described as reciprocal countermeasures to Washington's two Section 301 probes against China. The probes target US measures disrupting global supply chains and green product trade, potentially breaching WTO rules and bilateral agreements. They are set to conclude within six months, with a possible three-month extension.
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A US court ruling on tariffs has lowered effective duties, easing tensions and steering the upcoming April summit between Xi Jinping and Donald Trump towards stability rather than escalation. Analysts say the decision strengthens China's negotiating position, with the summit expected to focus on extending a fragile truce rather than major concessions.
The anticipated meeting between the US and Chinese presidents will take place from May 13 to 15 in Beijing, though the encounter is marked by tensions surrounding the war between Iran and Washington.
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Amid energy shocks from the Iran war threatening Southeast Asia’s supply chains, US and European importers are shifting some orders back to China. Chinese exporters report a recovery in buyer numbers at the Canton Fair in Guangzhou.
Japan and other Asian trading partners are evaluating the fallout from U.S. President Donald Trump's new 15% global tariff, imposed under a different law hours after the Supreme Court invalidated his prior levies, as part of broader international reactions including Europe's coordinated response.
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Chinese social media is awash with criticisms of the US, ranging from sarcastic takes on Beijing’s official line to ‘armchair generals’ advising Tehran on fighting America. Platforms are tightly controlled, with most published comments heavily critical of the United States.