Reformas na África do Sul avançam nacionalmente, mas falham no nível local

O mais recente BLSA Reform Tracker mostra que as reformas econômicas da África do Sul atingiram um índice de conclusão de 71,75%, um aumento de 27% desde março de 2024, mas o progresso trimestral desacelerou e a disfunção municipal persiste. O ministro da Governança Cooperativa, Velenkosini Hlabisa, declarou que as falhas do governo local são o principal obstáculo ao crescimento. Iniciativas nacionais como a Operation Vulindlela continuam, porém a execução na prática deixa a desejar.

O Business Leadership South Africa (BLSA) Reform Tracker relata um índice geral de conclusão de 71,75, um aumento de 27% desde março de 2024. No entanto, os ganhos trimestrais caíram para 0,4 pontos, a governança não apresentou progresso por dois trimestres e a logística de carga apresentou declínio.

A Operation Vulindlela avançou em reformas no setor de eletricidade, com uma força-tarefa de reestruturação da Eskom e planos de transmissão independentes; na logística, abrindo ferrovias e portos à participação privada; na água, com projetos de R$ 100 bilhões; e em vistos, com a introdução de sistemas digitais.

O ministro da Governança Cooperativa, Velenkosini Hlabisa, destacou problemas municipais durante um compromisso com a BLSA. "Concordamos e confirmamos que nosso principal problema está no espaço do governo local", afirmou. "Qualquer reforma do governo local é uma reforma econômica." As empresas sofrem com serviços pouco confiáveis, o que aumenta os custos e desencoraja investimentos.

O diretor-geral do Tesouro Nacional, Duncan Pieterse, no lançamento do Metro Trading Services Reform Programme em março, observou um planejamento de R$ 205 bilhões em gastos municipais. Ele citou Joanesburgo, que arrecadou R$ 11,9 bilhões em receita de água, mas alocou apenas R$ 1,3 bilhão para infraestrutura, e eThekwini, que arrecadou R$ 22 bilhões com eletricidade, mas investiu R$ 784 milhões no setor.

A CEO da BLSA, Busisiwe Mavuso, alertou sobre a resistência de empresas estatais como Eskom e Transnet. O rastreador ressalta um progresso desigual, sendo a governança a área mais frágil.

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