A new perspective article in Frontiers in Nutrition argues that public health advice on protein intake and physical activity is largely designed to prevent deficiency, and that many people may benefit from aiming above today’s minimum recommendations to support strength, independence and cognitive function as they age.
A new paper in Frontiers in Nutrition argues that current public health recommendations for exercise and protein intake are often framed around minimum thresholds meant to prevent deficiency, rather than guidance aimed at maximizing long-term function, independence and quality of life.
The article’s author, Dr. Chris Macdonald—identified in the release as a Fellow of Lucy Cavendish College at the University of Cambridge and Director of the Better Protein Institute—said the public frequently wants clearer advice focused on maintaining strength and mental sharpness throughout life.
“Public health advice often focuses on the minimum people need to avoid problems,” Macdonald said. “But many people want to know what they should do to remain strong, independent, and mentally sharp throughout life.”
Exercise and aging
The paper reviews research that links regular exercise with a range of benefits, including lower risk of death, improved mental health, stronger cognitive function and greater resistance to age-related decline. It argues that combining aerobic activity—such as walking, running or cycling—with resistance training may provide especially strong benefits, and that physical activity should be viewed not only as a way to avoid disease but also as a way to maintain strength, mobility and independence.
Protein intake beyond minimum recommendations
On protein, the paper argues that current UK guidance is largely based on preventing deficiency in sedentary adults, and points to research suggesting that physically active people, older adults and pregnant women may benefit from higher protein intakes.
The review also highlights evidence that higher-protein diets can support fat loss, attributing this to increased satiety and a higher thermic effect. It adds that higher protein intake is not limited to meat-based diets, saying well-planned plant-based diets can provide sufficient protein.
Rather than replacing existing guidance, Macdonald argues for supplementing it with recommendations focused on what he calls “optimal health outcomes,” alongside clearer and more practical public communication about how exercise and protein intake can support long-term physical and cognitive performance.
