Pangilinan and Marcoleta debate heats up over 2016 arbitral award

A Senate debate heated up on Monday, February 3, as Sen. Francis Pangilinan and Sen. Rodante Marcoleta clashed over the legal basis of the Philippines' claim in the West Philippine Sea. Marcoleta questioned the validity of the 2016 arbitral ruling, while Pangilinan defended it as clearly favoring the country.

On Monday, February 3, in Manila, Philippines, a heated discussion unfolded in the Senate regarding the 2016 arbitral ruling against China under UNCLOS. Sen. Rodante Marcoleta questioned its validity, arguing that it lacks clear coordinates or defined boundaries, rendering it insufficiently definitive. In response, Sen. Francis Pangilinan defended the United Nations arbitral tribunal's decision, emphasizing that it clearly favored the Philippines. He noted that the ruling affirmed the country's sovereign rights within its exclusive economic zone and categorically rejected China's historic claims in the area. The Philippines secured this arbitration victory in 2016, underscoring its entitlements in the West Philippine Sea, also known as the South China Sea. The exchange occurred during plenary deliberations, highlighting ongoing Senate discussions on the nation's territorial assertions against China. While no direct quotes from the senators appear in reports, their positions reveal contrasting views on the legal foundation of the Philippines' claims.

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Commodore Jay Tarriela of the Philippine Coast Guard fires back at China's diplomatic protest during a tense press conference on West Philippine Sea disputes.
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Tarriela fires back at China's diplomatic protest over West Philippine Sea

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Philippine Coast Guard Commodore Jay Tarriela responded to the Chinese Embassy in Manila's diplomatic protest against his statements, calling it an attempt to divert attention from China's aggressive actions in the West Philippine Sea. The protest stemmed from a presentation he made featuring satirical images of Chinese President Xi Jinping. Malacañang and the Department of Foreign Affairs have yet to respond.

Rep. Leila de Lima rejected the Chinese Embassy in Manila's repeated claims that the Philippines instigated the West Philippine Sea dispute, calling it a case of 'selective amnesia'. In her statement, she noted that China's claims rely entirely on its nine-dash line assertion, which a 2016 Hague tribunal ruled has no legal basis.

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China summoned the Philippine ambassador in Beijing on January 22, 2026, to protest remarks by Philippine Coast Guard spokesperson Jay Tarriela on the West Philippine Sea. The Chinese Foreign Ministry demanded that Manila swiftly "undo the negative impact" of these statements. Tarriela responded that threats would not intimidate them and transparency would continue.

The Philippines officially assumed the chairmanship of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations on October 28, 2025, at the close of the 47th ASEAN Summit in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. received the handover from Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, setting the stage for Manila to host key meetings in 2026. Marcos expressed hopes to invite Chinese President Xi Jinping to Manila if South China Sea code of conduct talks conclude successfully by then.

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Talks between Asean and China on a Code of Conduct in the South China Sea aim to establish rules preventing incidents and easing tensions amid overlapping territorial claims. Originating in the mid-1990s from past clashes, such as the 1988 battle at Johnson South Reef and China's 1995 occupation of Mischief Reef, progress has been slow but targets completion by July 2026. Recent advancements include entering the third reading of negotiations in 2025.

President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. on Thursday urged 42 newly promoted generals and flag officers of the Armed Forces of the Philippines to uphold the country's sovereignty amid ongoing challenges in the West Philippine Sea.

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At the United Nations anti-corruption conference in Doha, Philippine Ombudsman Boying Remulla highlighted the government's swift action against a major flood control corruption scandal. He emphasized accountability for high-level officials now facing charges.

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