Satellite imagery shows China building larger replenishment ship

Commercial satellite images from July 2 reveal ongoing construction of a new large replenishment vessel at a shipyard near Guangzhou. Analysts assess it as an expanded version of the People's Liberation Army Navy's Type 901 class, designed to support future Type 004 aircraft carriers and their battle groups.

The vessel measures about 271 metres in length with a beam of around 37 metres. Once complete it will rank among the largest replenishment ships in the world.

Imagery analyst Sean O'Connor of Janes said the ship was "likely tailored to supporting more advanced aircraft carriers, such as the forthcoming Type 004 and their attendant battle groups". He noted its expanded capacity would allow simultaneous resupply of carriers and escort destroyers.

Aircraft carriers require specialised supplies including aviation fuel, precision-guided weapons, spare parts and provisions for thousands of personnel. The new vessel is intended to meet these demands for larger and more diverse carrier air wings.

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Satellite image of a mock U.S. destroyer in the Chinese desert used for weapons testing.
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Satellite imagery shows China built a mock U.S. destroyer in Xinjiang Desert, likely for weapons testing

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Commercial satellite images taken in May 2026 show what analysts describe as a full-scale mock-up resembling a U.S. Navy Arleigh Burke-class guided-missile destroyer at a remote test site in China’s Taklamakan Desert in Xinjiang. The target was first flagged publicly by Joseph Wu, co-founder of the Taiwan Defense Studies Initiative.

The China State Shipbuilding Corporation released a photo on Thursday showing a massive hull in a dry dock in Guangzhou. Military observers speculate the vessel is a large auxiliary ship for the People's Liberation Army Navy.

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A Chinese military magazine earlier this month described a civilian cargo ship as a “containerised destroyer” able to carry missile launchers and hide in commercial shipping lanes, with firepower matching the People's Liberation Army's Type 052D destroyers, according to South China Morning Post.

The United States has asked major South Korean shipbuilders to provide information on their capacity to build naval vessels including destroyers and fleet replenishment ships, industry sources said.

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