Earth Science
MIT uncovers traces of proto-Earth in ancient mantle rocks
Researchers at MIT have identified chemical remnants of Earth's earliest form, preserved deep within the planet's mantle. The discovery reveals a potassium isotope imbalance pointing to material from 4.5 billion years ago, surviving a cataclysmic collision. This finding challenges assumptions about Earth's formative history.
Breakup of supercontinent Nuna enabled complex life evolution
The breakup of the ancient supercontinent Nuna around 1.5 billion years ago reshaped Earth's surface, reducing volcanic carbon emissions and expanding shallow seas that fostered oxygen-rich environments. Scientists from the University of Sydney and the University of Adelaide link this tectonic event to the rise of early eukaryotic life. Their study challenges the notion of a stagnant 'Boring Billion' period in Earth's history.
Scientists pinpoint tremors beneath Tanzania's Oldoinyo Lengai volcano
Researchers have traced tremor signals deep inside Tanzania's Oldoinyo Lengai volcano, locating them in three dimensions for the first time. The study reveals linked tremors at varying depths, providing insights into magma and gas movement. This unique carbonatite volcano's fluid, cool magma produced unexpected results that could improve eruption forecasting.
Study uncovers 900°C heat behind stable continents
Researchers from Penn State and Columbia University have discovered that Earth's stable continents formed through extreme heat exceeding 900 degrees Celsius in the lower crust. This process involved radioactive elements migrating upward to cool and strengthen the landmasses. The findings also offer insights into mineral distribution and planetary habitability.