Medicine
Study links lysosomal ion channel TMEM175 to protection against over-acidification, with implications for Parkinson’s research
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Researchers at LMU Munich, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, TU Darmstadt and Nanion Technologies report that the lysosomal ion channel TMEM175 helps prevent excessive acidification inside lysosomes, a malfunction that the team says could contribute to toxic buildup associated with Parkinson’s disease. The findings were reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Researchers analyzing immune cells from people with long COVID have identified a distinct molecular state in CD14+ monocytes—labeled “LC-Mo”—that was more prevalent among patients whose initial COVID-19 illness was mild to moderate and that tracked with reported fatigue and respiratory symptoms, along with higher levels of inflammatory signaling molecules in blood plasma.
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A team led by David Julius, the 2021 Nobel Prize winner in Medicine, has described the molecular mechanism by which intestinal tuft cells signal the brain to suppress appetite during parasitic infections. Published today in Nature, the study identifies communication via acetylcholine and serotonin that activates the vagus nerve. The finding could aid treatments for conditions like irritable bowel syndrome.
A new study found that the shingles vaccine reduced major cardiac events by 46% and deaths by 66% in people with atherosclerotic heart disease. The research, presented at the American College of Cardiology's Annual Scientific Session, examined over 246,000 US adults aged 50 and older.
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A major review published in The Lancet Psychiatry concludes that medicinal cannabis does not effectively treat anxiety, depression or post-traumatic stress disorder. The analysis of 54 randomized controlled trials over 45 years found limited evidence for other conditions like insomnia and autism. Researchers warn of potential harms including psychosis risk and delayed effective treatments.
Researchers tested a redesigned CD40 agonist antibody, 2141-V11, by injecting it directly into tumors of 12 patients with metastatic cancers. Six patients saw tumor shrinkage, with two achieving complete remission, including effects on untreated tumors elsewhere in the body. The trial reported only mild side effects, unlike prior CD40 therapies.
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A narrative review in the World Journal of Pediatrics says melatonin use among children and adolescents has climbed sharply—especially where the hormone is sold over the counter—while long-term data on safety and effectiveness, particularly for typically developing children, remain limited. The authors also highlight concerns about inconsistent supplement dosing and increasing accidental ingestions in young children.
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