过去二十年间，香港女性肺癌新发病例增加了20%。专家指出，除吸烟外，遗传因素和烹饪油烟也是致病原因。
尽管香港女性的吸烟率低于男性，但过去二十年间其肺癌新发病例率仍上升了20%。肺癌依然是该市最常见且致死率最高的癌症，且主要诱因仍是吸烟。香港中文大学临床肿瘤学系副教授龙浩锋表示，吸烟始终是一个主要的风险因素。他补充说，一些研究发现，部分华人尤其是女性，在遗传上更容易患肺癌。专家还指出，在通风不良的厨房中接触烹饪油烟或大量使用食用油也是风险因素。他们强调，筛查有助于识别那些并未接触传统公认风险行为的患者。
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Preliminary research from USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) annual meeting, found that non-smokers diagnosed with lung cancer before age 50 reported eating more fruits, vegetables and whole grains—and had higher overall Healthy Eating Index scores—than the U.S. population average. The researchers emphasized that the results do not prove diet causes lung cancer and said a possible explanation could involve environmental exposures such as pesticides, a hypothesis that requires direct testing.
自1983年以来，香港的癌症病例增加了一倍多，但截至2023年，经年龄标准化后的死亡率已降至每10万人中71.1人，降幅接近一半。
Nearly one in 10 homes tested in the UK, Italy and the Netherlands showed benzene levels from gas cooker leaks that surpass safety limits, according to researchers. The cancer-causing chemical in natural gas poses risks akin to secondhand smoke indoors. The findings highlight potential indoor air pollution from slow leaks.
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A University of Colorado Boulder study found PM2.5 concentrations in Indonesia rose 3.3 percent around open landfills in 2018-2019.