Forskere tvivler på pålideligheden af studier om mikroplast i menneskekroppen

Flere studier om mikroplast i menneskekroppen kritiseres af eksperter som upålidelige. De rapporterede mængder er ofte overdrevne og baseret på metodiske fejl. Kritikere advarer om misforståelser, der kan påvirke politiske beslutninger.

I årevis har studier påvist alarmerende mængder mikro- og nanoplast i organer som hjerner, arterier, placentaer og testikler, hvilket har tiltrukket global opmærksomhed. Nu stilles disse fund under tvivl: Eksperter hævder i den britiske avis Guardian, at mange opdagelser kan stamme fra forureninger, unøjagtigheder og misforståelser. Selvom plastforurening utvivlsomt er udbredt, presser påvisning af små partikler grænserne for analytisk teknologi. Syv studier er blevet offentligt stillet under tvivl, og en anden gennemgang har identificeret 18 undersøgelser præget af videnskabelige unøjagtigheder. For eksempel blev partikler påvist, der viste sig at være naturlige kropsstoffer. En særligt omstridt studie fra februar 2025 rapporterede en markant stigning i mikroplast i hjernen. Dr. Dušan Materić fra Tysklands Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research kaldte den en «vits» i Guardian og pegede på misforståelser fra fedtvæv, der efterligner polyethylensignaler. Lignende anklager rammer forskning om plast i arterier, mænds reproduktionsorganer, blodprøver og nanoplast i mineralvand, hvor 100.000 partikler pr. liter blev dømt «groft upålidelige». Den almindelige Py-GC-MS-metode kritiseres for at forveksle polyethylen og PVC med fedtkomponenter. Miljøkemikeren Cassandra Rauert fra University of Queensland udtalte: «Det er et problem i hele forskningsfeltet. Mange af de rapporterede koncentrationer er fuldstændig urealistiske.» Tysklands Deutsches Ärzteblatt rejste lignende bekymringer i juli og noterede mangel på pålidelige data om fordeling i kroppen. Forfatterne til de kritiserede studier forsvarer deres arbejde: Feltet er nyt, forbedringer er undervejs, og potentielle unøjagtigheder er blevet håndteret. Disse tvivl åbner igen spørgsmål om faktiske eksponeringsniveauer og sundhedsmæssige konsekvenser, hvilket potentielt komplicerer reguleringer eller styrker industrins argumenter.

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Pilot study finds microplastics in most prostate tumor samples, with higher levels than nearby benign tissue

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