Dozens of researchers are urging city leaders worldwide to treat urban forests as essential infrastructure rather than optional amenities. In an essay published in PLOS Climate, they argue that planting and maintaining trees must become a legal requirement to address rising temperatures, flooding, and health issues.
The essay, led by ecologist Manuel Esperon-Rodriguez of Bangor University, states that urban trees cool streets through shade and evapotranspiration while absorbing stormwater to reduce floods. They also improve air quality, support mental health, and provide habitat for wildlife.
Esperon-Rodriguez said trees should receive dedicated budgets like transportation systems. He noted that every dollar invested in parks yields three dollars in economic benefits through better public health and increased local spending.
The researchers emphasize equity, warning that poorer neighborhoods often lack greenery and face higher heat risks. They call for community input on species selection and for policies to be written into law rather than left as campaign promises.
The approach must also be evidence-based, they add, focusing on trees that can survive rising temperatures over decades.
