Japan Deepens South Korea Ties as China Imposes Rare Earth Export Ban Over Taiwan Tensions

Amid ongoing China-Japan tensions sparked by Sanae Takaichi's prior Taiwan remarks, Japan is bolstering ties with South Korea while facing Beijing's new export curbs on rare earths and dual-use items, prompting stockpiling and G7 coordination.

This escalation follows the China-Japan feud ignited in late 2025 by then-Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's comments framing a Chinese invasion of Taiwan as a 'survival-threatening situation' for Japan. Now as Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry, Takaichi stated on January 13, 2026, that she aims to strengthen ties with South Korea's Lee by avoiding divisive issues.

Last week, China banned exports of dual-use items to Japan, including rare earth metals, minerals, and semiconductors, amid disputes over Taiwan, which Beijing claims as inseparable territory. While many nations oppose force to change the status quo, Tokyo fears broader economic retaliation.

Japanese firms are stockpiling rare earths, with Finance Minister Satsuki Katayama preparing for the G7 finance ministers' meeting in Washington, focusing on China's dominance in processing 90% of global supply. Japan has diversified since a 2010 export halt but remains vulnerable. 'They have an immediate problem,' said analyst Rajiv Biswas.

Beijing assures civilian trade continuity, but Tokyo seeks a unified G7 response as industry alarms grow.

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Japan eases defense export curbs, raising neo-militarism alarms

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Japan has revised its long-standing rules on lethal arms exports, prompting Chinese warnings of resurgent militarism amid heightened bilateral tensions.

China's Commerce Ministry announced measures against 40 Japanese companies and entities on Tuesday, citing national security concerns over their military ties. It imposed export controls on 20 entities and added another 20 to a watch list for stricter reviews of dual-use items. The actions aim to curb Japan's remilitarization and nuclear ambitions.

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The Japanese and U.S. governments are set to cooperate on developing deep-sea mud rich in rare earths off Minami-Torishima Island in Tokyo's Ogasawara Village. Ahead of a summit on Thursday in Washington between Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi and U.S. President Donald Trump, the two sides are advancing toward signing a memorandum to establish a working group on marine mineral resources. This initiative aims to secure a stable supply of critical minerals.

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