ADB raises South Korea's 2026 growth forecast to 1.9%

The Asian Development Bank has raised its 2026 growth forecast for South Korea to 1.9 percent, driven by rising exports and improved private consumption. This represents a 0.2 percentage point increase from its December prediction. The outlook matches 1.9 percent projections from the IMF and Korea Development Institute, while the Bank of Korea expects 2 percent.

Seoul's finance ministry said on Friday that the Asian Development Bank (ADB) has raised its growth outlook for South Korea this year to 1.9 percent. The Manila-based bank's revised forecast reflects strong semiconductor exports amid a global industry upcycle, along with expectations of expansionary fiscal policy and a key interest rate cut supporting domestic demand recovery.

The ADB also cited anticipated effects from increased government spending in strategic sectors such as semiconductors, defense, and biotechnology. However, it highlighted downside risks including potential additional U.S. tariff measures, sluggish construction activity, and uncertainty in AI-related chip demand.

The ministry explained that the ADB's outlook assumes Middle East tensions will stabilize within one month, following widened economic uncertainty since U.S.-Israeli strikes on Iran in late February. It noted that effects from South Korea's supplementary budget are not factored in, so actual growth could differ.

For 2027, the ADB expects South Korea's economy to grow by 1.9 percent.

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Illustration depicting South Korea's 1% GDP growth in 2025 driven by exports amid construction weakness and Q4 contraction.
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South Korea's economy grows 1 percent in 2025

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South Korea's gross domestic product grew 1 percent in 2025 from the previous year, according to Bank of Korea data, but the fourth quarter saw an unexpected 0.3 percent contraction. Strong exports drove the annual figure despite weakness in construction. This marks half the 2 percent expansion of 2024.

An Asia-based economic surveillance organization has projected that South Korea's economy will expand by 1.9 percent next year, supported by growth momentum that began earlier this year. The assessment came in a report following its annual consultation with the South Korean government this month. Growth is expected to accelerate from 1 percent in 2025.

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Major global investment banks have upgraded their forecasts for South Korea's 2026 economic growth. Citing an upcycle in the global semiconductor industry, the average outlook now stands at 2.1%. This is more optimistic than the Bank of Korea's 1.8% projection and the government's 2% forecast.

South Korea's exports expanded 23.5 percent year-on-year in the first 20 days of February, driven by strong semiconductor demand. Outbound shipments reached $43.5 billion, resulting in a trade surplus of $4.9 billion. The growth reflects a boom in chip exports fueled by artificial intelligence demand.

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South Korea's industrial output rose 2.5% in February from the previous month, the fastest growth in five years and eight months. Government data showed retail sales unchanged while facility investment jumped 13.5%. The Middle East crisis has had minimal impact so far.

South Korea's exports rose 33.9 percent year-on-year in January to $65.85 billion, fueled by strong demand for semiconductors. This marked the highest January figure on record and the first time surpassing $60 billion for the month. The trade surplus reached $8.74 billion, extending the streak to 12 consecutive months, according to Ministry of Trade, Industry and Resources data.

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South Korea's industrial output grew 0.9 percent in November, driven by strong semiconductor production, while retail sales fell 3.3 percent, the sharpest drop in 21 months. Data from the Ministry of Data and Statistics attributes the retail decline to the fading effects of the Chuseok holiday and base effects. Cumulative retail sales for January to November rose 0.4 percent, suggesting a possible positive annual figure.

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