Americans divided on China overtaking the US

A national survey by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace reveals that 47% of Americans believe China has already surpassed the US or will do so within the next five years. Another 27% think the shift will take longer, while 26% say China will never catch up. The poll was conducted from November 24 to December 1.

The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, a Washington-based think tank, released the results of a national poll earlier this month to gauge public views on global power and influence. The survey involved 1,500 American adults.

Respondents were split on whether China will overtake the US. Forty-seven percent agreed that China has already surpassed the United States or would do so within the next five years, 27% said the shift would take longer, and only 26% believed China would never catch up.

When asked in which areas China outperforms the US, 63% pointed to technology—a view shared by 74% of Democrats, 62% of independents, and 52% of Republicans.

This poll highlights American perceptions of China's rising global influence, particularly in technological competition. The endowment used the survey as a thermometer for public sentiment on US-China dynamics.

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Photorealistic illustration of Shanghai skyline celebrating China's 2025 GDP surpassing 140 trillion yuan with 5% growth and environmental gains.
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China's GDP surpasses 140 trillion yuan in 2025

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Official data from the National Bureau of Statistics shows China's GDP grew 5 percent year-on-year in 2025, reaching 140.19 trillion yuan and surpassing the 140 trillion yuan threshold for the first time. Carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP fell 5 percent, while air quality continued to improve.

A report warns that the United States will face a “critical shortage” of China expertise within a decade, threatening policymakers' ability to manage Washington’s most consequential strategic relationship. As China experts retire and the number of Americans studying in China sharply declines, the talent gap poses a “national security and an economic competitiveness” problem.

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China plans a 9.3 percent increase in foreign affairs spending this year, the highest in three years and outpacing the military budget's 7 percent rise. Analysts say this signals Beijing's intent to consolidate geopolitical clout amid escalating global instability. The United States shows signs of withdrawing from its role as a world leader.

In February 2026, the United States at the inaugural Critical Minerals Ministerial sought to rally more than 50 countries and the European Union around a landmark framework to loosen China’s control over the global critical minerals trade. The effort aims to counter Beijing’s dominance in the sector.

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Several anonymous sources say Chinese government departments are researching potential demands from the US leader and formulating possible concessions for a Trump-Xi summit. China has not formally announced Trump's visit, but its foreign ministry stated the two countries have been in communication about the trip.

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