厄尔尼诺现象或使香港损失3000亿美元并缩短预期寿命:研究

一项由香港和新加坡大学联合开展的研究显示,厄尔尼诺现象可能在21世纪给香港造成高达3000亿美元的经济损失。该研究还发现,1982-83年和1997-98年两次强烈厄尔尼诺事件期间出生的香港人预期寿命可能缩短五至七个月。这项发表在《自然气候变化》杂志上的研究强调,厄尔尼诺不仅是短期天气异常,而是健康和经济损失的持久驱动力。

新加坡南洋理工大学与香港城市大学合作开展的研究分析了10个太平洋沿岸高收入国家和地区超过60年的死亡记录和经济数据。这些地区包括香港、新加坡、日本、澳大利亚、加拿大、南韩、美国、智利、台湾等地。研究发现,厄尔尼诺引发的极端天气事件对公共健康和经济造成持久影响,而非短暂异常。

具体而言,1982-83年厄尔尼诺事件导致预期寿命损失0.5年,而1997-98年事件则为0.4年。这相当于该研究覆盖的所有国家和地区在1982-83年群体经济损失达2.6万亿美元,在1997-98年群体则达4.7万亿美元。对于香港,该现象在21世纪可能造成3000亿美元的经济损失。

研究负责人之一、本杰明·霍顿(Benjamin Horton)等学者强调,厄尔尼诺是“健康和经济损失的持久驱动力”。另一位研究者德鲁巴焦蒂·萨曼塔博士(Dr Dhrubajyoti Samanta)指出,这种气候模式涉及太平洋变暖,会放大极端天气的影响。香港天文台等机构也出现在相关关键词中,但研究未具体提及其数据贡献。

这项研究提醒,面对气候变化,太平洋沿岸地区需加强应对厄尔尼诺的准备,以减轻其长期健康和经济负担。

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