日本考虑允许官方文件中单独使用娘家姓

日本政府周五批准了一项计划,考虑允许已婚者在官方文件中单独使用出生姓氏,同时保留夫妇必须共用同一姓氏的要求。此举旨在解决结婚后改名所带来的不便。

日本政府于2026年3月13日星期五批准了一项计划,考虑允许已婚个人在官方文件中单独使用出生姓氏,同时维持夫妇必须共用单一姓氏的法律要求。此倡议是高市早苗首相内阁通过的第六个性别平等基本计划的一部分,该计划概述了未来五年的措施。与该计划相关的立法预计将在当前议会会期提交。nn根据日本《民法》,已婚夫妇必须采用同一姓氏,这一规则长期以来特别给女性带来负担,导致诸如使用职业娘家姓开立银行账户等困难。商界领袖和反对党推动建立允许夫妇分别使用姓氏的制度。在公众强烈反对声中,政府已允许在驾驶执照和护照等身份证件上并列前姓与婚后姓。nn性别平等大臣木川田仁在新闻发布会上表示,允许单独使用出生姓氏合法化「将有助于减少因结婚后改名而面临不便或不利的人数」。然而,日本最大工会连合的总干事阵部正批评该计划称,它「无法从根本上解决(改名)问题,也无法获得国际社会的理解」。他还表示,该计划未经充分审议就进行了修改。nn保守派首相高市早苗对该问题持谨慎态度,其执政的自由民主党内一些人担心夫妇分别姓氏会破坏家庭凝聚力和传统价值观。在2026年2月8日以压倒性优势赢得选举后,高市早苗组建了新内阁,并指示相关大臣为允许官方文件单独使用出生姓氏奠定基础。日本关于已婚夫妇分别姓氏的辩论自1996年以来持续存在,至今仍是分裂性话题。

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