美国联邦储备局周三宣布将基准利率下调0.25个百分点，此举虽符合市场预期，但未满足特朗普总统要求更大降幅的需求。今年已是第三次降息。
美国联邦公开市场委员会（FOMC）决定将基准利率调整至3.5%至3.75%的区间，此前该利率水平对利息偿还构成较高负担。美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔领导下的这一决定，旨在应对通胀前景的不确定性。
FOMC声明指出：“经济前景的不确定性仍然很高。委员会关注双重使命的两方面风险，并判断最近几个月就业下行风险上升。”这一表述反映出美联储对就业和通胀的双重关注。
特朗普总统长期批评此次降息为时过晚且幅度过小，他要求更大幅度的降息以刺激经济。美联储的独立性因此备受争议，此次决定加剧了这一辩论。
该决定可能影响全球金融市场，通过国际资本流动产生溢出效应。许多央行，包括采用美元挂钩机制的香港金融管理局，通常会跟随美联储的步伐。中国人民银行等机构也需评估其影响。
尽管降息旨在支持经济增长，但高利率水平仍将持续对借款人施压。市场预计，此举将有助于缓解部分经济压力，但全球经济不确定性依然存在。
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The US Federal Reserve cut interest rates by 0.25% to a range of 3.75%-4.0% on Wednesday, as expected. However, Chair Jerome Powell's hawkish comments during the press conference cast doubt on a further cut in December, triggering a selloff in crypto markets. Bitcoin fell below $110,000, while Chainlink experienced volatility before a partial rebound.
香港金融管理局跟随美国联邦储备局的决定，将基准利率维持在4%不变，此举让借款人等待资金成本下降的时间更长。金管局警告，今年利率环境存在不确定性，公众需谨慎管理相关风险。
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Jerome Powell's term as Federal Reserve chair ends in May 2026, opening the door to greater influence from Donald Trump over the central bank. The president-elect has harshly criticized Powell and seeks to appoint a loyal successor, threatening the institution's independence. Analysts expect up to three interest rate cuts this year if inflation eases.
韩国央行于1月15日在首尔召开货币政策会议，决定将基准利率维持在2.5%。这是自7月以来连续第五次维持利率不变，受韩元疲软和通胀担忧影响，限制了进一步宽松的空间。韩国央行行长李昌镛强调数据驱动的方法，在高不确定性下，为未来三个月可能的降息留有空间。
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日本央行于12月20日将政策利率从0.5%上调至0.75%，创30年来最高水平，旨在遏制通胀。然而，日元兑美元及其他主要货币急剧走弱。市场因日本央行对未来加息前景表述模糊而出现抛售。
The Banco de la República decided to keep the interest rate at 9.25% for October 2025, citing inflation rising for the third consecutive month. President Gustavo Petro reacted by stating that rates will only fall with the next board appointment. Manager Leonardo Villar clarified that the next appointment is scheduled for February 2029.
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Colombia's central bank may hike its policy rate by 50 basis points to 9.75% at its January 30 meeting, according to analysts surveyed by Anif and Corficolombiana. The move would address 2025 inflation of 5.15% and a 23% minimum wage increase that has boosted inflation expectations. The global context, with steady Fed rates and Brazil's policy, shapes the local outlook.