Gene-editing drug slashes bad cholesterol 62 percent in trial

An experimental therapy called VERVE-102 lowered LDL cholesterol by up to 62 percent after a single dose in an early safety study. The results come from a Phase I trial involving 35 patients with high cholesterol or early cardiovascular disease. Data were published this week in the New England Journal of Medicine.

Researchers reported that the treatment appeared safe, with no serious side effects even at the highest dose. Participants experienced only a temporary mild rise in liver enzymes. The drug uses mRNA packaged in nanoparticles to edit the PCSK9 gene in liver cells, permanently reducing production of a protein that raises LDL levels.

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Scientific illustration of HELZ2 protein in the liver regulating cholesterol release.
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UT Southwestern researchers identify HELZ2 protein that controls the liver’s release of cholesterol-carrying particles

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Scientists at UT Southwestern Medical Center report they have identified a protein, HELZ2, that acts as a key regulator of how many cholesterol-carrying particles the liver releases into the bloodstream by affecting the gene APOB. The study was published in the American Heart Association journal Circulation and could inform future research into heart disease and fatty liver disease.

An experimental oral pill called enlicitide lowered LDL cholesterol by about 60% in a large phase three clinical trial, according to results published in The New England Journal of Medicine. The trial, led by Dr. Ann Marie Navar at UT Southwestern Medical Center and sponsored by Merck, involved 2,909 participants mostly already on statins. If approved, the daily pill could improve access to effective cholesterol treatment.

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Researchers from the University of Barcelona and the University of Oregon report that short DNA molecules known as polypurine reverse Hoogsteen hairpins (PPRHs) suppressed the PCSK9 gene and reduced blood cholesterol in a mouse model. In transgenic mice carrying the human PCSK9 gene, a single injection of one candidate (HpE12) cut plasma PCSK9 by 50% and total cholesterol by 47% three days later, according to findings published in Biochemical Pharmacology.

Researchers in Australia have found that a mysterious FDA-approved drug, called compound X, removes toxic alpha-synuclein proteins from the brains of mice with Parkinson's-like symptoms. The treatment improved the animals' balance and mobility by enhancing the brain's glymphatic waste disposal system. The findings were presented at a symposium in the UK.

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A large review of cardiovascular outcome trials found that people taking GLP-1 receptor agonists—drugs that include semaglutide (sold as Ozempic)—had a lower risk of major heart-related events than those given placebo. The analysis pooled results from 11 trials involving more than 90,000 participants, with an average follow-up of nearly three years, and reported benefits across patient subgroups including those with and without diabetes.

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