日本南西诸岛发现偷猎案 专家呼吁更严厉处罚

被指定为国宝天然纪念物的珍稀物种盗猎事件在日本南西诸岛反复发生。在奄美大岛,三名中国男子非法捕获约5200只陆生寄居蟹,而在冲绳,另外四人因捕获琉球黑胸叶龟被捕。专家敦促实施更严厉处罚以保护生态系统。

日本南西诸岛珍稀物种,包括被指定为国宝天然纪念物的物种,反复遭到盗猎,这些生物在海外市场售价高昂。2025年5月,鹿儿岛县奄美大岛,三名20多岁的中国男子——一名大学生、一名公司职员和一名投资者——因未经许可非法持有约5200只、总重160公斤的陆生寄居蟹被捕。他们经香港飞抵该岛,在五个不同海滩徒手捕蟹一周,计划在线上销售,尽管明知违反日本法律。发现源于Hotel Bigmarine Amami经理田端圭一郎注意到男子遗留在前台的行李箱发出抓挠声,并通过环境省联系人向警方报告他们的可疑行为——主要夜间活动并延长逗留。警官在行李箱内的洗衣网中发现寄居蟹,并在渡轮码头附近发现另外三只。男子们根据《文化财保护法》被即决起诉,罚款30万日元,但作为证据扣押期间约700只蟹死亡。田端表示愤怒:“为了牟利偷走岛屿的宝物不可饶恕。”陆生寄居蟹栖息于包括南西诸岛和小笠原诸岛在内的热带和亚热带海岸,1970年因种群数量减少被指定为国宝天然纪念物。只有冲绳县的许可企业才能在国内捕获和销售,出口被禁止。在中国和台湾作为宠物受欢迎,蓝莓寄居蟹等受欢迎品种每只售价约2万日元。国立环境研究所特别研究员许嘉萱指出,日本标本更大且更容易找到,尽管有风险仍吸引偷猎者。在相关案件中,冲绳县警于2025年10月逮捕四名20多岁和30多岁的中国国民,因根据《野生动植物濒危物种保存法》捕获37只仅产于冲绳的濒危国宝天然纪念物琉球黑胸叶龟。这些被称为“活化石”的龟在走私至香港前的海关检查中被查获,伪装成“饼干”,黑市价值每只38万至57万日元。那霸地方检察厅于11月起诉他们,审判于2026年1月在冲绳那霸地方法院开始。环境省工作人员于12月底在奄美大岛巡逻以威慑偷猎,检查可疑活动。国立环境研究所高级研究员久保孝宏警告:“被发现的偷猎案很可能只是冰山一角”,呼吁提高认识、加强保护努力,并在日本实施更严格处罚。

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