联合国计划为特定条件下的自动驾驶制定安全标准

联合国计划为4级自动驾驶制定安全法规标准,在该级别下系统在特定条件下处理所有车辆操作。这些标准要求自动驾驶系统的安全性至少相当于高技能司机的水平,并强制要求安装记录运行状况的设备。联合国旨在2026年6月前敲定这些法规。

据《读卖新闻》获得的草案,该草案在日内瓦1月份会议上提出,联合国欧洲经济委员会(UNECE)下属的世界车辆法规协调论坛(WP.29)正在制定4级自动驾驶的安全标准,由日本和欧洲国家主导。该标准要求自动驾驶系统(ADS)在混合交通中提供“至少相当于称职且谨慎的人类司机的安全水平”,没有严格的数值目标,但要求通过模拟和实际道路驾驶测试证明低风险水平。汽车制造商必须安装设备记录并存储自动驾驶期间的速度、与附近物体或人员的距离以及摄像头图像等数据。在发生严重事故或通信故障等重大问题的情况下,公司需立即向当局报告。在包括日本、英国、德国、法国、韩国和澳大利亚在内的约60个国家参与的相互承认框架下,符合这些标准的车辆可无需额外测试而出口,从而可能创造自动驾驶汽车的国际市场。日本目前缺乏量产4级车辆的国内标准,联合国法规可作为共同框架,国土交通省预计将调整国家规则以对齐。然而,在自动驾驶技术领先的美国和中国是否采用这些法规仍不确定,日本汽车制造商可能需为向这些市场出口进行调整。自动驾驶根据人类参与度分为五个级别。4级允许系统在特定区域和速度等条件下处理所有识别、判断和控制动作。2023年,日本在福井县永平寺允许首个4级运输服务,全国范围内正在进行测试。

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Realistic photo illustration of a Tesla car violating traffic rules at an intersection, under investigation by NHTSA officials, highlighting safety concerns with autonomous driving technology.
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NHTSA investigates Tesla's Full Self-Driving software for traffic violations

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The U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration has launched its sixth investigation into Tesla's Full Self-Driving software following reports of dangerous traffic violations. The probe examines incidents including running red lights and driving in wrong lanes, which led to crashes and injuries. This comes amid Tesla's push toward robotaxis and unsupervised driving.

中国周一批准了两款配备三级自动驾驶功能的电动轿车上路,这是首次允许此类车辆在公共道路上运行。这些车型分别由长安汽车和北汽阿维塔开发,可在重庆和北京特定路段实现条件自动驾驶。

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Top executives from Tesla and Waymo testified before a U.S. Senate committee on Wednesday, defending the safety of their autonomous vehicles amid recent incidents and calls for federal regulations. Lawmakers expressed bipartisan support for uniform national standards to address the current patchwork of state laws governing self-driving cars. Concerns over liability, remote operations, and competition from China also dominated the discussion.

Tesla announced on January 23, 2026, that new Model 3, Model Y, and base Cybertruck vehicles in the US and Canada will no longer include standard Autopilot features like lane-centering Autosteer, limiting free access to Traffic-Aware Cruise Control only. Advanced capabilities now require a $99 monthly Full Self-Driving (FSD) Supervised subscription, following the January 18 decision to end $8,000 one-time FSD purchases after February 14. The shift, offering new buyers a 30-day FSD trial, faces regulatory scrutiny over misleading terms and safety concerns, alongside mixed customer reactions.

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The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration is seeking information from Tesla about its new 'Mad Max' mode in the Full Self-Driving system, which allows vehicles to exceed speed limits. This inquiry comes amid a broader investigation into traffic violations involving the technology. Drivers report aggressive behaviors like high speeds and rolling stops.

California regulators are poised to suspend Tesla's vehicle sales license in the state for 30 days unless the company revises its marketing for self-driving features. An administrative law judge ruled that terms like 'Autopilot' and 'Full Self-Driving' mislead consumers about the technology's capabilities, which require constant human supervision. Tesla has 90 days to comply and avoid the penalty.

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Following initial driverless trials in Austin, Tesla faces scrutiny over higher crash rates in its robotaxi fleet while analysts forecast significant growth, as the company pushes toward unsupervised public deployment.

 

 

 

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