Scientists have identified a previously unknown bird species in Japan, the Tokara Leaf Warbler, after genetic studies showed it is distinct from the similar-looking Ijima's Leaf Warbler.
The discovery marks the first new bird species described in Japan since 1982. Researchers from Uppsala University, the University of Gothenburg and Japanese institutions reached the conclusion after whole genome analyses and song comparisons.
The Ijima's Leaf Warbler lives on the Izu Islands south of Tokyo and the Tokara Islands farther southwest. Birds from the two locations were found to differ significantly in DNA despite nearly identical appearance.
Per Alström of Uppsala University said genetic methods are important for revealing hidden biodiversity during a global crisis. Both species have small populations and low genetic diversity, prompting recommendations that the new species also receive Vulnerable status from the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
The findings were published in PNAS Nexus.