Analisis ulang fosil di Brasil tantang teori asal-usul hewan purba

Para ilmuwan telah menetapkan bahwa struktur yang dulunya dianggap sebagai jejak hewan kecil dalam batuan Brasil berusia 540 juta tahun, sebenarnya adalah komunitas bakteri dan alga yang memfosil. Pemeriksaan ulang ini menggunakan pencitraan canggih untuk mengungkap sel dan bahan organik yang terawetkan.

Para peneliti berfokus pada mikrofosil dari formasi Tamengo di Mato Grosso do Sul. Penelitian sebelumnya menafsirkan tanda-tanda tersebut sebagai bukti keberadaan makhluk mirip cacing yang bergerak melalui sedimen dasar laut selama periode Ediakara, tepat sebelum ledakan kehidupan kompleks Kambrium. Analisis baru dengan mikrotomografi dan spektroskopi Raman di akselerator partikel Sirius menunjukkan struktur seluler, bukan jejak hewan.

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More than 700 fossils from the Jiangchuan Biota in Yunnan Province, southwest China, dating 554-539 million years ago in the late Ediacaran, include early relatives of starfish, acorn worms, deuterostomes, and other bilaterians. Led by Dr. Gaorong Li of Yunnan University, the discovery—after nearly a decade of fieldwork—challenges the suddenness of the Cambrian explosion by showing diverse animal communities predated it. The results, published in Science (DOI: 10.1126/science.adu2291), feature exceptionally preserved carbonaceous films revealing fine details like digestive systems.

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Scientists have identified traces of original collagen in an Edmontosaurus fossil from South Dakota. The finding, published in 2025, challenges the belief that all biological material is lost during fossilization.

Researchers have found fossil teeth in Ethiopia indicating that early Homo and an unknown Australopithecus species shared the landscape between 2.6 and 2.8 million years ago. The discovery adds to evidence that human evolution involved multiple overlapping lineages rather than a single straight path.

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A 250-million-year-old fossil egg containing a Lystrosaurus embryo has provided the first direct evidence that mammal ancestors laid eggs. Discovered in South Africa, the find resolves a decades-old question about early mammalian reproduction following the End-Permian extinction. Researchers used advanced imaging to reveal the embryo's pre-hatching stage inside a soft-shelled egg.

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