Pembaruan JAXA: Satelit H3 No. 8 Lepas Terlalu Dini dalam Kecelakaan Pemisahan Fairing

Analisis baru JAXA terhadap kegagalan Roket H3 No. 8 pada 22 Desember 2025—yang awalnya disalahkan pada masalah mesin tahap kedua—mengungkap masalah baru: satelit navigasi Michibiki No. 5 seberat 5 ton terlepas terlalu dini selama pembuangan fairing muatan tak lama setelah lepas landas dari Pulau Tanegashima.

Setelah kecelakaan peluncuran H3 No. 8, yang menyebabkan kehilangan satelit Michibiki No. 5 dan orbit yang terganggu, JAXA telah menentukan penyebabnya pada anomali selama pemisahan fairing muatan hampir empat menit setelah lepas landas. Video onboard menunjukkan puing-puing di sekitar satelit, yang langsung bergoyang dan miring. Sensor mendeteksi percepatan mendadak di titik pemasangan satelit ke tahap atas, mengonfirmasi detasemen yang tidak disengaja. Mode kegagalan terkait fairing ini berbeda dari masalah H3 sebelumnya, seperti kerusakan mesin, dan berbeda dari diagnosis awal masalah pengapian tahap kedua. Roket tetap melanjutkan penerbangan, tetapi satelit gagal mencapai orbit tinggi yang direncanakan lebih dari 20.000 mil untuk Sistem Satelit Quasi-Zenith Jepang (QZSS), yang meningkatkan presisi GPS. JAXA belum merinci perbaikan, tetapi insiden ini menyoroti tantangan penerapan muatan pada peluncur baru dan sifat kritis pemisahan fairing.

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