Microbiome
Harvard-led study maps gut metabolites that may shape obesity and diabetes risk
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Researchers working at Harvard University and collaborators in Brazil have identified metabolites produced by gut bacteria that travel through the portal vein to the liver and appear to influence energy use and insulin sensitivity in mice. The findings, published in Cell Metabolism, suggest possible new strategies for preventing or treating obesity and type 2 diabetes by targeting gut–liver communication.([sciencedaily.com](https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/12/251214100926.htm?utm_source=openai))
Scientists have genetically modified Cutibacterium acnes, a common skin bacterium, to produce more heat and detect temperature changes. This could lead to a probiotic cream that wards off frostbite and hypothermia in extreme conditions. The research was presented at a conference in the UK.
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Research suggests that microbes in the gut and mouth could determine whether peanut allergies lead to mild or life-threatening responses. A study on mice and humans points to specific bacteria that might reduce anaphylaxis risks. Scientists propose probiotics as a potential treatment to lessen severe reactions.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have found that 168 common industrial and agricultural chemicals can harm beneficial bacteria in the human gut, with some also promoting resistance to antibiotics. Drawing on a large laboratory screen, the team created a machine learning model to predict which chemicals may pose risks to the microbiome.
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A study suggests that owning a dog can change the human microbiome in ways that promote empathetic and social behaviors. Researchers found that adolescents with dogs exhibit less social withdrawal and aggression, linked to specific bacteria. Experiments in mice confirmed these microbes enhance prosocial traits.
A new study uncovers a specific gut bacterium that produces a molecule capable of influencing brain function in mice. Led by scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, the research highlights potential new avenues for treating neurological disorders. The findings were published on September 29, 2025, in the journal Nature.