Since late December 2025, nationwide protests have raged in Iran against the regime, triggered by a severe economic crisis. Demonstrators demand an end to poverty, corruption, and oppression, while the leadership responds with repression. International actors like the US and UN are watching the situation tensely.
The unrest in Iran began in late December 2025 as a reaction to rising food prices, water shortages, and the massive devaluation of the rial. What started as economically motivated has developed into a broad uprising against the Islamic Republic, with demonstrations, strikes, and clashes in numerous cities. International observers describe it as the worst internal political crisis since the 1979 revolution.
Since early January 2026, the regime has resorted to harsh measures: nationwide internet shutdowns, phone blocks, shootings at demonstrators, and mass trials. At the same time, it mobilizes supporters for counter-demonstrations, such as in Tehran. Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Chamenei, 86 years old, controls the military, judiciary, and media, while the president and parliament have limited power. The Revolutionary Guards remain loyal and play a central economic and military role.
Experts see a broad societal alliance, including bazaar traders, workers, and the middle class. Islam scholar Katajun Amirpur stated: 'The days of the Islamic Republic might be numbered.' US President Donald Trump supports the protesters and threatens measures, including satellite internet. The UN demands an end to the violence, Israel expresses support for the movement, and German Chancellor Friedrich Merz sees a possible end to the regime. Solidarity demonstrations occurred in German cities.
The protests exacerbate the economic crisis, affect oil prices, and lead to investor withdrawals. The security situation is tense; travel is discouraged. Observers expect further escalation, depending on splits within the security forces.
