Dispositivo mede a pressão de partículas individuais pela primeira vez

Um novo dispositivo que utiliza uma esfera mantida por laser permitiu a primeira medição direta da pressão exercida por partículas individuais. Desenvolvida por pesquisadores da Universidade Yale, a ferramenta pode avançar estudos em vácuos extremos e auxiliar na busca por partículas esquivas, como os neutrinos estéreis.

Yu-Han Tseng e seus colegas criaram o instrumento em torno de uma minúscula esfera de sílica, com aproximadamente metade do tamanho de alguns vírus. Um feixe de laser mantém a esfera no lugar por meio de forças eletromagnéticas, e qualquer colisão de partícula desloca a esfera enquanto reflete sinais de luz detectáveis. A equipe testou o dispositivo em um vácuo ultra-alto ao introduzir partículas de três gases e confirmou que os movimentos observados correspondiam às previsões teóricas para os cálculos de pressão.

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