Swedish scientists are examining the country's mineral resources to support cleaner production of rare earth elements and magnets. The effort at Uppsala University aims to reduce reliance on China and lower environmental impacts from extraction.
Martin Sahlberg, professor of materials chemistry at Uppsala University, is leading work to catalog elements in Swedish deposits. Known sites include Kiruna, Bergslagen and Norra Kärr outside Gränna. The approach involves creating magnet formulas based on materials naturally present rather than targeting single metals.
Sahlberg noted the geopolitical risks, citing China's export halts amid trade tensions. He described current production methods as environmentally challenging due to toxic chemicals and radioactive substances often found in deposits.
The project brings together materials physicists, geologists and engineers. It is expected to continue for many years with an initial focus on inventorying resources across Sweden. Researchers say the country benefits from good water access and relatively cheap energy.