Researchers have identified a previously unknown signaling network between the gut and brain that detects protein shortages and shifts feeding preferences toward essential amino acids.
A team led by Director SUH Seong-Bae at the Institute for Basic Science, along with colleagues from Seoul National University and Ewha Womans University, mapped the mechanism in fruit flies and confirmed similar behavior in mice. The work was published in the journal Science on May 21.
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Researchers at APC Microbiome Ireland at University College Cork report that early-life exposure to a high-fat, high-sugar diet altered feeding behavior and appetite-related brain pathways in mice into adulthood, even after the animals returned to a standard diet and normal body weight. The team also found that a specific Bifidobacterium strain and a prebiotic fiber mix helped mitigate some of these long-term effects.
A new study shows that oral GLP-1 receptor agonists can curb pleasure-driven eating in mice by acting on a brain reward circuit. The research, supported by the National Institutes of Health, examined drugs including orforglipron and danuglipron.
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A study from the Monell Chemical Senses Center reports that, calorie for calorie, fructose and glucose engage different gut–brain pathways in mice. The researchers found glucose more strongly suppresses activity in hunger-related AgRP neurons, while fructose produces a weaker effect through a pathway involving the gut hormone PYY and signaling via the vagus nerve.
An international research team has published the first complete map of neural connections spanning the brain and nerve cord of an adult fruit fly. The work reveals that many behaviors arise from distributed local circuits rather than centralized brain control. The connectome was released June 8 in the journal Nature.
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A year-long observational study in Japan suggests that people with type 2 diabetes who tend to overeat in response to tempting food cues such as sight and smell may see greater weight loss—and possibly better blood-sugar improvement—after starting GLP-1 receptor agonists, while those with primarily emotional eating patterns show less consistent links to long-term outcomes.