Program biodiesel efektif tekan impor BBM

Kebijakan mandatori biodiesel pemerintah Indonesia berhasil mengurangi ketergantungan impor bahan bakar minyak, khususnya solar. Pakar menilai program ini berpotensi hemat devisa hingga 8-10 miliar dolar AS per tahun. Pengembangan dari B1 hingga B50 ditargetkan rampung Juli 2026.

Jakarta -- Pemerintah Indonesia menerapkan kebijakan mandatori biodiesel yang didukung ketersediaan bahan baku kelapa sawit dan teknologi pengolahan. Rhenald Kasali, Guru Besar Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Indonesia, menyatakan program ini efektif menekan impor solar dan memperbaiki neraca perdagangan energi.

"Program biodiesel memang efektif menekan impor solar dan memperbaiki neraca perdagangan energi melalui pengurangan impor solar secara signifikan. Program itu bisa menghemat devisa hingga 8-10 miliar dolar AS per tahun," ujar Rhenald di Jakarta pada Selasa (14/4/2026).

Direktur Eksekutif Palm Oil Agribusiness Strategic Policy Institute, Tungkot Sipayung, merinci bahwa penerapan B40 telah memangkas impor solar dari 8,3 juta kiloliter pada 2024 menjadi 5 juta kiloliter pada 2025, atau berkurang 3,3 juta kiloliter. Pada 2025, kebijakan ini menghemat Rp 130,21 triliun devisa, mengurangi emisi 38,88 juta ton CO2 ekuivalen, dan menambah nilai CPO menjadi biodiesel sebesar Rp 20,43 triliun.

Rhenald menekankan perlunya tata kelola sawit yang baik untuk cegah deforestasi, lindungi lingkungan, dan hormati hak masyarakat adat. Ia juga ingatkan potensi trade-off antara energi dan pangan, di mana alokasi CPO ke biodiesel bisa picu kelangkaan minyak goreng.

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Illustration depicting surging oil prices over 115 USD due to Middle East conflict, with economic impacts on Indonesia including rupiah weakening.
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Global oil prices surpass 115 USD due to Middle East conflict

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Global crude oil prices have surpassed 115 USD per barrel, triggered by escalation in the Iran-AS-Israel war and Houthi threats. Economists warn of fiscal risks for Indonesia, including rupiah weakening to Rp17,002 per USD and potential APBN deficit. Pertamina denies rumors of non-subsidy fuel price hikes starting April 1, 2026.

Indonesia's Minister of Agriculture Andi Amran Sulaiman announced the country will stop importing diesel starting July 1, 2026, alongside implementing 50% biodiesel (B50) from palm oil. The step forms part of efforts to strengthen national energy independence.

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Energy and Mineral Resources Minister Bahlil Lahadalia plans to expedite the mandatory blending of bioethanol into fuel as a response to global oil prices reaching US$118 per barrel. The policy aims to reduce import dependency and secure national energy supplies amid Middle East geopolitical tensions.

The federal government and states announced on March 31 an agreement to subsidize imported diesel by R$ 1.20 per liter, split equally between the Union and states, to mitigate the impact of the Iran war on fuel prices. The measure is emergency and limited to up to two months, with voluntary adherence. More than 80% of states have signaled interest in participating.

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Indonesian DPR members question PT Agrinas Pangan Nusantara's plan to import around 105,000 pickup trucks from India for the Koperasi Desa/Kelurahan Merah Putih program. The move is seen as conflicting with President Prabowo Subianto's commitment to supporting local vehicle production.

President Prabowo Subianto stated that Indonesia overcame the Covid-19 pandemic through efficiencies like working from home, which significantly saved fuel. He emphasized the need to prepare for worst-case scenarios from the Middle East conflict that could raise fuel prices. This speech was delivered at the Full Cabinet Meeting at the State Palace on March 13, 2026.

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Amid a fuel supply crisis, the Department of Energy (DOE) has authorized the temporary importation and use of Euro 2 petroleum products, which have higher emissions than the Euro 4 standard. The measure is limited to vehicles from 2015 and earlier, traditional jeepneys, power plants, generators, and marine sectors. President Marcos is in talks with several countries for alternative oil supplies.

 

 

 

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