Irã volta a fechar o Estreito de Ormuz menos de 48 horas após reabertura em meio ao bloqueio dos EUA

O Irã retomou o controle militar total do Estreito de Ormuz neste sábado, apenas um dia após anunciar sua reabertura ao tráfego comercial durante um cessar-fogo entre EUA e Irã. A rápida reversão ocorreu em meio a persistentes restrições navais americanas e baixo volume de trânsito, aumentando as tensões no corredor estratégico de energia.

O Estreito de Ormuz, anteriormente restrito devido ao conflito com o Irã, teve sua reabertura declarada como 'completamente livre' para navios comerciais na sexta-feira, em coordenação com os termos da trégua. No entanto, o trânsito permaneceu mínimo: dados da Kpler mostraram apenas oito petroleiros e transportadores de gás passando ao amanhecer, muito abaixo da média pré-guerra de 130 por dia, devido ao bloqueio naval dos EUA, que impediu a passagem de 23 navios, segundo o Comando Central dos EUA.

No sábado, o tenente-coronel iraniano Ebrahim Zolfagari, do Quartel-General Khatam al-Anbiya, anunciou o retorno ao 'estado anterior' do estreito — controle militar iraniano total, limites de trânsito e renovadas acusações de 'pirataria' por parte dos EUA. O presidente do Parlamento iraniano, Mohamad Baqer Qalibaf, havia alertado no X que o estreito 'não permanecerá aberto' enquanto o bloqueio americano persistir.

Os mercados reagiram inicialmente com otimismo à notícia de uma reabertura permanente: o petróleo Brent caiu 10,9%, para US$ 88,56, o WTI recuou 11,5%, para US$ 83,80, e o S&P 500 subiu 1,2%, para 7.126 pontos. Contudo, relatos de ataques de lanchas do Corpo da Guarda Revolucionária Islâmica a um petroleiro a nordeste de Omã (UK Maritime Trade Office) e disparos contra duas embarcações mercantes (Reuters) sublinharam os riscos contínuos. O cessar-fogo entre EUA e Irã tem término previsto para quarta-feira.

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