Neuroscience
Study links brainstem “lateral parafacial” neurons to a form of hypertension in rats
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Researchers working with the University of Auckland and Brazil’s University of São Paulo report that neurons in the medulla’s lateral parafacial (pFL) region—best known for helping drive forceful exhalations—also amplify sympathetic nerve activity and can raise blood pressure in an animal model of neurogenic hypertension. Inhibiting these neurons lowered blood pressure toward normal in hypertensive rats, findings published in Circulation Research.
Researchers at Emory University have discovered that excessive brain and muscle activity during minor balance disruptions contributes to poorer balance recovery in older adults, including those with Parkinson's disease. The study, published in eNeuro, reveals that trying harder to balance may actually increase fall risk. Opposing muscles stiffening simultaneously further impairs stability.
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A team led by David Julius, the 2021 Nobel Prize winner in Medicine, has described the molecular mechanism by which intestinal tuft cells signal the brain to suppress appetite during parasitic infections. Published today in Nature, the study identifies communication via acetylcholine and serotonin that activates the vagus nerve. The finding could aid treatments for conditions like irritable bowel syndrome.
Researchers report that tanycytes—specialized cells lining the brain’s third ventricle—can help move tau protein from cerebrospinal fluid into the bloodstream, and that signs of tanycyte disruption in Alzheimer’s patient tissue may be associated with impaired tau removal. The findings, published March 5 in Cell Press Blue, are based on animal and cell experiments and analyses of human brain samples.
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Dr. J Crespo, a UK-based physician, has released The Science of Becoming, a new book that offers a medically grounded framework for personal transformation. Drawing from neuroscience and clinical experience, the book argues that sustainable change comes from biological alignment rather than willpower alone. It addresses why capable individuals often feel stuck, reframing issues like burnout as biological signals.
Rodney Gorham has become the longest user of a Synchron brain-computer interface, marking five years since its implantation. The device, designed for individuals with ALS, continues to offer him new functionalities. This milestone highlights ongoing advancements in neuroscience.
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University of Notre Dame researchers report evidence that general intelligence is associated with how efficiently and flexibly brain networks coordinate across the whole connectome, rather than being localized to a single “smart” region. The findings, published in Nature Communications, are based on neuroimaging and cognitive data from 831 Human Connectome Project participants and an additional 145 adults from the INSIGHT Study.
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