最高法院裁定参议院在莎拉副总统首次弹劾案中行动及时

最高法院裁定,参议院在处理2025年针对副总统莎拉·杜特尔特的首次弹劾案时“行动及时”。最高法院以14票赞成、0票反对、1票回避的表决结果,将宪法中规定的“立即”(forthwith)定义为“在合理时间内”。这一裁决明确了参议院处理弹劾审判的程序。

菲律宾马尼拉——最高法院全体法官驳回了由卡塔利诺·阿尔迪亚·赫内里略(Catalino Aldea Generillo Jr.)提交的强制令申请,该申请旨在要求参议院立即作为弹劾法庭开庭审理副总统莎拉·杜特尔特案。在2026年4月29日颁布、由大法官罗迪尔·扎拉梅达(Rodil Zalameda)撰写的裁决中,法院认为该申请已“失去实际意义”,因为在2025年7月的裁决和2026年1月的决议宣布弹劾条款违宪后,已无剩余的弹劾条款。

最高法院指出,参议院在处理针对杜特尔特的首起弹劾投诉时“行动及时”,当时参议院由弗朗西斯·埃斯库德罗(Francis Escudero)参议员领导。裁决明确指出,1987年宪法第十一条第三节第四款中的“立即”(forthwith)是指“在合理时间内,根据具体案件情况,时间可长可短”。

法院指出,尽管众议院必须在会议期间采取行动,但参议院拥有审判时间安排的自由裁量权,以便进行准备工作。大法官阿尔弗雷多·本杰明·卡吉奥亚(Alfredo Benjamin Caguioa)未参与投票,而资深大法官马尔维克·莱昂内(Marvic Leonen)则对结果表示赞同,但对“立即”一词的解读持反对意见。

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