Tim universitas Indiana menargetkan enzim IDOL untuk mengobati Alzheimer

Para peneliti di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indiana telah mengidentifikasi enzim IDOL sebagai target baru yang potensial untuk mengobati penyakit Alzheimer. Studi laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa menghilangkan enzim tersebut dari neuron mengurangi plak amiloid dan meningkatkan komunikasi sel otak.

Temuan yang diterbitkan dalam Alzheimer's & Dementia ini berasal dari eksperimen yang menggunakan model hewan untuk penyakit tersebut. Menghapus gen IDOL pada neuron menurunkan kadar plak dan mengurangi apolipoprotein E, yaitu protein yang dikaitkan dengan risiko Alzheimer yang lebih tinggi. Efeknya lebih kuat pada neuron daripada pada mikroglia, yaitu sel kekebalan otak, berlawanan dengan ekspektasi awal.

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Microscopic illustration of protective microglia clearing amyloid plaques in an Alzheimer's brain model due to the OLE molecule
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Study identifies OLE molecule that shifts microglia into a more protective state in Alzheimer’s models

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Researchers in Spain and Switzerland report that an experimental molecule called OLE helped restore protective behavior in the brain’s immune cells in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease, reducing amyloid-related pathology and improving performance on memory and movement tests.

Scientists at the University of Southern California have found experimental compounds that may reduce harmful brain inflammation associated with Alzheimer’s disease. The work focuses on the enzyme cPLA2 and people who carry the high-risk APOE4 gene.

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Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have found that blocking the protein PTP1B improves memory and boosts plaque clearance in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. The discovery links the protein to brain immune function and metabolic risks like diabetes and obesity. The team aims to develop inhibitors for potential human treatments.

Researchers have identified a previously unknown mechanism called karyoptosis that appears to drive the death of brain cells in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. The discovery, based on analysis of human brain tissue, points to a potential new target for treatments aimed at slowing neuron loss.

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