Ilmuwan UCLA memulihkan kerusakan hati pada tikus dengan menyingkirkan sel zombi

Para peneliti di UCLA telah mengidentifikasi sel kekebalan senesen, yang dijuluki sebagai sel 'zombi', yang menumpuk di hati yang menua dan berkontribusi pada penyakit perlemakan hati. Dengan melenyapkan sel-sel ini pada tikus, tim tersebut berhasil memulihkan kerusakan hati dan menurunkan berat badan, bahkan saat mengonsumsi pola makan yang tidak sehat. Temuan yang dipublikasikan dalam Nature Aging ini menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme serupa mungkin juga mendorong kondisi hati pada manusia.

Ilmuwan UCLA menemukan populasi makrofag senesen yang ditandai oleh protein p21 dan TREM2 yang menumpuk di hati tikus tua dan tikus dengan kolesterol tinggi. Pada tikus muda, hanya sekitar 5% makrofag hati yang menunjukkan tanda ini, namun meningkat menjadi 60-80% pada hewan yang lebih tua, yang berkorelasi dengan peningkatan peradangan. Anthony Covarrubias, penulis senior sekaligus profesor di UCLA, membandingkan sel-sel ini dengan mobil mogok yang menyebabkan gangguan luas di jaringan meskipun jumlahnya jarang. 'Satu saja mobil mogok bisa membuat kemacetan hingga bermil-mil,' ujar Covarrubias. 'Sekarang bayangkan lima atau sepuluh di antaranya menumpuk secara perlahan.'

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Split-scene illustration of UCSF mouse study: older mouse struggles in maze with poor hippocampal neural links due to FTL1; treated mouse excels with enhanced connections.
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UCSF study links iron-associated protein FTL1 to age-related memory decline in mice

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Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco report that higher levels of the iron-associated protein FTL1 in the hippocampus of older mice are tied to weaker neural connections and worse performance on cognitive tests. In the experiments, reducing FTL1 in older mice was associated with increased neuronal connectivity and improved memory performance, findings published in Nature Aging.

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