Cientistas da UCLA revertem danos hepáticos em camundongos ao remover células zumbis

Pesquisadores da UCLA identificaram células imunes senescentes, apelidadas de células 'zumbis', que se acumulam em fígados envelhecidos e contribuem para a doença hepática gordurosa. Ao eliminar essas células em camundongos, a equipe reverteu danos ao fígado e reduziu o peso corporal, mesmo sob uma dieta pouco saudável. As descobertas, publicadas na Nature Aging, sugerem que mecanismos semelhantes podem impulsionar condições hepáticas em humanos.

Cientistas da UCLA descobriram uma população de macrófagos senescentes marcados pelas proteínas p21 e TREM2 que se acumulam no fígado de camundongos mais velhos e naqueles com colesterol alto. Em camundongos jovens, apenas cerca de 5% dos macrófagos hepáticos apresentavam essa assinatura, subindo para 60-80% nos animais mais velhos, correlacionando-se com o aumento da inflamação. Anthony Covarrubias, autor sênior e professor da UCLA, comparou essas células a carros quebrados que causam uma interrupção generalizada nos tecidos, apesar de sua raridade. 'Apenas um carro quebrado pode causar um congestionamento de quilômetros', disse Covarrubias. 'Agora imagine cinco ou dez deles se acumulando lentamente.'

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