カーボンクレジットは森林破壊を抑制するも削減効果を過大評価との研究結果

44のカーボンクレジットプロジェクトに対する厳密な分析の結果、ほとんどのプロジェクトである程度の森林破壊削減効果が見られたものの、実際に達成された森林保護量に対し、発行されたクレジットは平均で約11倍に上ることが判明した。

ケンブリッジ大学のトム・スウィンフィールド氏らが主導した本研究では、2010年代に国連が策定した「森林減少や劣化による排出削減(REDD+)」の指針に基づき実施されたプロジェクトを検証した。調査対象のうち36のプロジェクトでは、介入がなかった場合と比べて森林破壊を少なくともわずかに抑制できたが、逆に森林減少を大幅に拡大させたプロジェクトも1件確認された。しかし、販売されたクレジットのうち実質的な削減効果によって正当化できるものは11件に1件に過ぎず、結果を伴わないまま過剰にクレジットを発行したプロジェクトが全体の数値を押し上げる要因となっていた。

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