Cactos evoluem rapidamente por meio de flores em transformação acelerada, aponta estudo

Uma nova pesquisa revela que os cactos estão entre os grupos de plantas com a evolução mais rápida na Terra, impulsionada por mudanças velozes na forma das flores, e não pelo tamanho ou pelos polinizadores. As descobertas da University of Reading desafiam ideias estabelecidas sobre especiação que remontam a Darwin. Os cientistas analisaram dados de mais de 750 espécies para chegar às suas conclusões.

Pesquisadores da University of Reading examinaram dados sobre o comprimento das flores em centenas de espécies de cactos. Eles descobriram tamanhos que variam de 2 milímetros a 37 centímetros, mas essa variação teve pouco impacto na taxa de formação de novas espécies. Em vez disso, a velocidade com que as flores mudaram de forma surgiu como o principal motor da diversificação, tanto em períodos evolutivos recentes quanto antigos.

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