Lubang hitam terbesar terbentuk melalui penggabungan berulang di gugus bintang

Analisis baru terhadap data gelombang gravitasi menunjukkan bahwa lubang hitam terberat di alam semesta muncul dari beberapa kali tabrakan di dalam gugus bintang yang padat, alih-alih dari keruntuhan bintang tunggal.

Para peneliti di Cardiff University memeriksa 153 penggabungan lubang hitam yang tercatat dalam versi 4.0 dari LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog. Studi mereka, yang diterbitkan dalam Nature Astronomy, mengidentifikasi dua populasi lubang hitam yang berbeda. Objek bermassa lebih rendah sesuai dengan ekspektasi pembentukan langsung dari bintang yang sekarat, sementara objek bermassa lebih tinggi menunjukkan putaran cepat dalam orientasi acak yang konsisten dengan penggabungan berulang di lingkungan padat di mana bintang-bintang berkumpul jauh lebih rapat daripada di dekat Matahari.

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