米環境保護庁、石炭灰の管理権限を州へ移管する方針

米環境保護庁(EPA)は、トランプ政権下において、有害な石炭灰貯留池の監視権限を各州の規制当局へ移管する方針を固めた。この変更により、すでに5州が有している権限が拡大される一方、2015年に定められた連邦レベルの保護基準が弱まる可能性がある。専門家らは、州の予算削減が地下水汚染に対する地域住民の脆弱性を高める恐れがあると指摘している。

ジョージア州をはじめとする各州の河川沿いには、石炭灰が堆積した巨大なライナー(遮水シート)のない貯留池が点在しており、ヒ素や水銀といった重金属が地下水へ流出している。オバマ政権下の規則では監視と浄化が義務付けられていたが、抜け穴が多く、休止中の多くの拠点が規制対象外となっていた。今年4月、EPAは古い処分場を規制対象から除外することや、監視計画において各州により大きな裁量を与える案を提案した。

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