Genetics
Genetic study links lower cholesterol to reduced dementia risk
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A large-scale genetic analysis of about 1.09 million people suggests that lifelong, genetically lower cholesterol—specifically non‑HDL cholesterol—is associated with substantially reduced dementia risk. Using Mendelian randomization to emulate the effects of cholesterol‑lowering drug targets such as those for statins (HMGCR) and ezetimibe (NPC1L1), the study found up to an approximately 80% lower risk per 1 mmol/L reduction for some targets. ([research-information.bris.ac.uk](https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/cholesterollowering-drug-targets-reduce-risk-of-dementia-mendelia?utm_source=openai))
Scientists discover teeth growing on ratfish head
Researchers have found genuine teeth developing on the forehead of the spotted ratfish, challenging the idea that vertebrate teeth evolve only in jaws. The discovery, detailed in a new study, reveals that these head teeth share genetic origins with oral teeth and aid males in mating. This finding reshapes understanding of dental evolution in cartilaginous fish.
Researchers discover gene that could triple wheat yields
Scientists at the University of Maryland have identified a gene that enables a rare wheat variety to produce three ovaries per flower, potentially boosting grain yields significantly. This discovery, detailed in a study published on October 14, 2025, in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, offers a genetic tool to enhance food production amid rising global demand. The finding targets the activation of the WUSCHEL-D1 gene to create extra grain-bearing structures in wheat flowers.
Genetic change protected early humans from lead's evolutionary impact
Researchers have uncovered evidence that ancient hominids were exposed to lead as early as two million years ago, potentially influencing brain evolution. Modern humans possess a unique genetic variant in the NOVA1 gene that shielded them from lead's toxic effects on language development. This discovery, published on October 15, 2025, suggests it gave Homo sapiens an advantage over Neanderthals.
MIT scientists uncover persistent genome loops during cell division
2025년 10월 24일 07시 37분Genetic studies uncover variants linked to fibromyalgia risk
2025년 10월 23일 12시 42분Common IVF test misses genetic abnormalities in embryos
2025년 10월 21일 10시 56분Keto diet shows brain health benefits in female mice with Alzheimer's risk gene
2025년 10월 20일 00시 10분Genetic mismatch may have hindered Neanderthal-human hybrids
2025년 10월 20일 00시 01분Genes influencing cannabis use identified in genome study
2025년 10월 20일 00시 01분Naked mole-rats' cGAS mutations enhance DNA repair and longevity
2025년 10월 19일 00시 14분EMBL researchers unveil SDR-seq for decoding disease-linked DNA
CPD gene mutations tied to congenital hearing loss; lab tests point to arginine and sildenafil as potential interventions
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An international team reports that rare mutations in CPD (carboxypeptidase D) cause a congenital, sensorineural form of hearing loss by disrupting arginine–nitric oxide signaling in inner‑ear hair cells. In models, arginine supplementation or sildenafil partially reversed disease‑related defects, highlighting a pathway for future therapies.
Study shows harmful sperm mutations rise with men's age
New research reveals that genetic mutations in men's sperm, which can lead to diseases in offspring, increase with age due to evolutionary selection within the testes. Scientists used advanced sequencing to analyze sperm from 81 men aged 24 to 75, finding that harmful mutations affect 2 percent of sperm in early 30s men but rise to 4.5 percent in 70-year-olds. The findings, published October 8 in Nature, highlight risks for future generations.
Evolution of human intelligence linked to mental illness vulnerability
Researchers have traced genetic variants in the human genome to reveal that advances in cognitive abilities around 500,000 years ago were soon followed by mutations increasing susceptibility to psychiatric disorders. This suggests a trade-off in brain evolution. The study, published in Cerebral Cortex, analyzed 33,000 genetic variants to build an evolutionary timeline of brain-related traits.
Study shows older fathers transmit more disease mutations through selfish sperm
A new study reveals that older men pass on significantly more disease-causing genetic mutations to their children due to the rapid proliferation of mutant sperm stem cells. Researchers found that the proportion of mutated sperm rises sharply with age, from 1 in 50 for men in their early thirties to nearly 1 in 20 by age 70. This phenomenon, driven by 'selfish' mutations, heightens risks for severe disorders in offspring.
DNA scar catalog opens paths to overcome cancer drug resistances
Researchers at Spain's National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) have developed a comprehensive catalog of mutational 'scars' in DNA caused by cancer. This breakthrough, published in Nature, could help bypass resistances to treatments like PARP inhibitors. The study analyzes thousands of tumor samples to identify key genetic patterns.