Pílulas de placebo aumentam a memória e o desempenho em idosos

Um novo estudo mostra que idosos saudáveis experimentaram melhorias reais na memória, na função física e nos níveis de estresse após tomarem pílulas de placebo por três semanas. Os benefícios ocorreram mesmo quando os participantes sabiam que as pílulas eram inativas. Pesquisadores da Università Cattolica em Milão conduziram o ensaio.

O estudo clínico randomizado dividiu 90 participantes em três grupos. Um não recebeu tratamento. Outro tomou placebos enganosos descritos como suplementos ativos. O terceiro grupo recebeu as mesmas pílulas inertes, mas foi informado de que eram placebos que ainda poderiam desencadear respostas entre mente e corpo.

Após três semanas, ambos os grupos de placebo mostraram ganhos em testes cognitivos e físicos. O desempenho físico aumentou 7 por cento no grupo enganado e 9,2 por cento no grupo de rótulo aberto. As pontuações cognitivas melhoraram entre 12,6 e 14,6 por cento para aqueles que acreditavam que as pílulas eram reais, e entre 6,9 e 21,5 por cento para aqueles que sabiam que eram placebos.

Os níveis de estresse caíram mais entre os participantes conscientes de que estavam tomando placebos. As descobertas aparecem no International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology e foram apoiadas por bolsas do PNRR por meio do projeto Age-IT. O pesquisador principal, Francesco Pagnini, observou que a mente desempenha um papel importante nos processos de envelhecimento.

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