Los médicos destacan la obesidad abdominal como signo vital en indios asiáticos

Expertos en India están instando al reconocimiento de la obesidad abdominal como un nuevo signo vital en indios asiáticos para evaluar mejor los riesgos para la salud metabólica. Un editorial de Amerta Ghosh y Anoop Misra enfatiza la necesidad de medir la circunferencia de la cintura en todos los pacientes. Este cambio aborda las limitaciones del IMC como medida de obesidad.

El aumento progresivo de la obesidad y la obesidad abdominal en India señala una grave crisis metabólica, que impulsa la creciente prevalencia de diabetes tipo 2, enfermedad cardiovascular, enfermedad hepática esteatósica asociada a disfunción metabólica (MASLD) y trastornos cardiometabólicos relacionados. Los indios asiáticos desarrollan a menudo obesidad abdominal incluso con un IMC relativamente normal, un rasgo vinculado a mayor resistencia a la insulina, depósito de grasa ectópica y la aparición más temprana de enfermedades metabólicas. Según el editorial en la revista Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews, el IMC es una medida inadecuada para la obesidad. Aboga por desplazar el énfasis de la obesidad generalizada a la obesidad abdominal, pasando de la dependencia del IMC a priorizar la circunferencia de la cintura e índices como la relación cintura-altura para una evaluación precisa del riesgo cardiometabólico en entornos clínicos cotidianos. Datos de la National Family Health Survey-5 indican que la obesidad abdominal afecta a cerca del 40% de las mujeres y el 12% de los hombres. Notablemente, ya no se limita a grupos urbanos o adinerados; las tasas están aumentando en áreas rurales y entre estratos socioeconómicos bajos y medios.

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