新しい研究により、人類がイギリス諸島に再移住したのは約1万5200年前であり、従来の推定よりも約500年早かったことが示唆された。この再移住は、夏の気温が急上昇し、景観が一変した時期と重なっている。
最後の主要な氷床が後退する中、人々は温暖化する草原を移動するトナカイや馬の群れを追いかけ、英国へと戻った。当時、英国は欧州大陸と地続きであったため、人間と動物の双方にとって移動が容易であった。今回の修正された年表は、放射性炭素年代測定の再調整と、南ウェールズのランゴース湖から採取された堆積物の新たな分析結果に基づいている。
Scientists have found genetic evidence that modern humans reached New Guinea and Australia around 60,000 years ago, backing the long chronology over more recent estimates. The international team, led by researchers at the University of Huddersfield and the University of Southampton, analyzed nearly 2,500 mitochondrial DNA genomes from Aboriginal Australians, New Guineans, and Southeast Asian populations. Their work suggests early migrants used at least two routes through Southeast Asia.
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Genetic analysis of remains from a megalithic tomb near Bury, 50 kilometers north of Paris, reveals a complete population turnover around 3000 BC. The earlier group shared genetics with northern European farmers, while newcomers arrived from southern France and the Iberian Peninsula. Researchers link the shift to disease, environmental stress, and social changes.
A prolonged drought around 61,000 years ago may have driven the extinction of Homo floresiensis, the small-bodied human species known as hobbits, on the Indonesian island of Flores. Researchers analyzed cave stalagmites and fossil teeth to reconstruct climate conditions that aligned with the species' disappearance from Liang Bua cave. The drying trend also affected their prey, pygmy elephants, exacerbating food and water shortages.
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Scientists analyzing ancient ice from Antarctica have found that ocean temperatures dropped by 2 to 2.5 degrees Celsius over the past 3 million years, while carbon dioxide and methane levels changed only modestly. The studies, led by researchers from Oregon State University and others, suggest factors beyond greenhouse gases drove much of Earth's long-term cooling. The findings come from ice cores at Allan Hills in East Antarctica.