1000人以上の古代イギリス人のゲノムを解析した結果、ローマによる征服は、大きな文化的変容をもたらしたにもかかわらず、島の祖先構成にわずかな痕跡しか残さなかったことが判明した。
フランシス・クリック研究所の研究チームは、紀元前2550年の青銅器時代から紀元1150年にかけてイギリスに埋葬された1039人のゲノムを調査した。その結果、紀元43年から410年までのローマ支配下で暮らしていた人々の大部分が、その祖先を鉄器時代のイギリスに遡れることがわかった。外部からの遺伝的流入が確認されたのはわずか20パーセントであった。
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Researchers analyzing ancient DNA say they have detected the plague bacterium Yersinia pestis in the remains of a domesticated sheep from Arkaim, a Bronze Age settlement in the southern Ural region of present-day Russia. The team reports this is the first known identification of a Bronze Age plague lineage in a nonhuman host from that period, a finding that could help explain how an early, pre-flea-adapted form of plague traveled widely across Eurasia.
Analysis of ancient DNA shows that people who replaced Britain's population around 2400 BC came from the river deltas of the Low Countries. These migrants, linked to the Bell Beaker culture, carried a unique mix of hunter-gatherer and early farmer ancestry preserved in wetland regions. Within a century, they accounted for 90 to 100 percent of Britain's genetic makeup, displacing the Neolithic farmers who built Stonehenge.
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A study of ancient DNA from graves in Bulgaria shows that the Goths were a multi-ethnic group with ancestries from Scandinavia, Turkey, North Africa and beyond. This finding challenges the traditional view of Goths as primarily Scandinavian migrants moving south. The research sequenced genomes from 38 individuals at two sites dating to the 4th century AD.
Genetic analysis suggests that interbreeding between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens involved mostly male Neanderthals and female modern humans. Researchers examined sex chromosomes to uncover this pattern, which occurred during multiple periods after humans left Africa. The findings point to mating preferences as the likely explanation, though experts call for more evidence.
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Archaeologists have uncovered evidence of a brutal massacre at an Iron Age site in Serbia, where 77 individuals, mostly women and children, were violently killed over 2,800 years ago. The findings indicate an intentional act amid regional conflicts between pastoralists and settled farmers. The burial, accompanied by personal items and food remnants, points to a symbolic ritual.
Scientists have identified the oldest confirmed human RNA virus in lung tissue from a woman who died in London around the 1770s. The rhinovirus, which causes the common cold, was reconstructed from fragmented genetic material preserved in alcohol. This discovery opens new possibilities for studying the evolution of RNA viruses in human history.
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Researchers have uncovered a partial human fingerprint preserved in the caulking of the Hjortspring boat, Scandinavia's oldest plank vessel, suggesting its origins along the Baltic Sea coast. The 2,400-year-old boat, used in an Iron Age raid on Denmark's Als island, was analyzed using modern scientific methods. This finding provides new clues to a century-old mystery about the vessel's builders.