Una combinación de fármacos reduce la temperatura corporal para limitar los daños por ictus

Dos medicamentos existentes redujeron la temperatura corporal central en animales tras sufrir un ictus y limitaron el daño cerebral. Un pequeño ensayo en humanos mostró un efecto limitado debido a la lentitud de la administración. Los investigadores planean ahora un estudio de seguimiento con infusiones más rápidas.

Los investigadores probaron prometazina y clorpromazina en ratones y macacos rhesus tras inducirles ictus. Los fármacos redujeron la temperatura corporal, disminuyeron el metabolismo de la glucosa en las células y redujeron el daño cerebral. Los monos tratados también mostraron una mejora en la función de las extremidades.

En un ensayo clínico con 32 personas, los mismos fármacos solo redujeron la temperatura en 0,3 °C y no disminuyeron el daño por ictus. El equipo atribuyó este resultado a las lentas infusiones de 12 horas, que no lograron alcanzar niveles eficaces de fármaco con la rapidez necesaria.

Los medicamentos, ya aprobados para la fiebre del heno y la psicosis, actúan sobre el sistema nervioso central sin provocar escalofríos. Un nuevo ensayo probará infusiones de una hora para determinar si un enfriamiento más rápido mejora los resultados.

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