Des traces de calmars géants révèlent un monde marin caché au large de l'Australie

Des scientifiques ont découvert des preuves de la présence de calmars géants et de centaines d'autres espèces dans des canyons sous-marins profonds au large de l'Australie-Occidentale. Ces résultats proviennent d'une expédition ayant utilisé l'analyse d'ADN environnemental pour explorer des profondeurs dépassant les 4 kilomètres.

Des chercheurs de l'université Curtin ont dirigé l'étude à bord du navire de recherche R/V Falkor du Schmidt Ocean Institute. Ils ont collecté plus de 1 000 échantillons d'eau dans les canyons de Cape Range et de Cloates, situés à environ 1 200 kilomètres au nord de Perth, près de la côte de Nyinggulu. L'analyse a permis d'identifier 226 espèces réparties dans 11 groupes d'animaux, dont plusieurs n'avaient jamais été recensées auparavant dans les eaux d'Australie-Occidentale.

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Illustration of a mother-daughter diving duo discovering the record-breaking J-shaped Pavona clavus coral colony on the Great Barrier Reef.
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Mother and daughter discover world's largest coral colony on Great Barrier Reef

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A mother-and-daughter duo of citizen scientists has uncovered the largest known coral colony on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, measuring 111 meters across and covering nearly 4,000 square meters. The J-shaped formation of Pavona clavus was found during a dive as part of the Great Reef Census initiative. Advanced 3D modeling confirmed its size, highlighting the role of community involvement in marine conservation.

Researchers at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology have revealed how squid and cuttlefish survived the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction by retreating to oxygen-rich deep-sea refuges. Their analysis of newly sequenced genomes shows these cephalopods originated in the deep ocean over 100 million years ago, followed by rapid diversification into shallow waters. The findings, published in Nature Ecology & Evolution, provide the first comprehensive evolutionary tree for decapodiform cephalopods.

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Researchers have uncovered evidence that octopuses from the Late Cretaceous period, around 100 million years ago, grew to lengths of nearly 20 meters and hunted as top predators. The findings, based on well-preserved fossil jaws from Japan and Vancouver Island, challenge previous views of early octopus evolution. Professor Yasuhiro Iba of Hokkaido University led the study, published in Science on April 23.

Researchers from Australia and New Zealand have discovered fossils from 16 species, including a new ancestor of the kākāpō parrot, in a cave near Waitomo on the North Island. The remains, dating back about one million years, reveal waves of extinction driven by volcanic eruptions and climate shifts long before human arrival. The find fills a major gap in the country's fossil record.

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A team of international researchers has accused the US government of hastening the collapse of coral reefs around Guam through military expansions and proposed rollbacks to the Endangered Species Act. In a letter published in Science this month, they highlight how national security priorities are overriding conservation efforts. Without changes, these reefs face functional extinction similar to those in Florida.

 

 

 

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